The region that is now Caguán was likely inhabited by indigenous communities long before the arrival of Spanish colonizers. These communities had distinct cultures, traditions, and ways of life, contributing to the rich tapestry of the area. The Spanish arrived in the region during the colonial era, marking a significant transformation in the local landscape. Spanish colonization had profound effects on the indigenous populations, introducing new cultural, economic, and social dynamics. Caguán’s history include a phase of agricultural development, where settlers engaged in farming activities. The region’s natural resources and fertile land likely played a role in shaping the early economic activities of the community. Caguán, like many Colombian municipalities, experienced changes and developments in the 20th century. The growth of infrastructure, improvements in transportation, and other socio-economic factors influenced the town’s trajectory. Caguán gained notoriety in the late 20th century and early 21st century due to its association with the Colombian armed conflict. The town was a significant location during peace negotiations between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The demilitarized zone established for these talks was located in Caguán. Following the peace negotiations, Caguán, like many other regions affected by the conflict, entered a period of post-conflict reconstruction. Efforts were made to address social and economic challenges, promote development, and integrate the town into the broader national context. Between 1998 and 2002, San Vicente del Caguán was the center of the demilitarized zone (DMZ), which was created as a safe haven for the revolutionary FARC rebels. Two days after the peace talks were ended; Ingrid Betancourt was kidnapped while entering the former DMZ.